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Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide (DSIP) is a naturally occurring substance. Clinical research has shown that it could increase total sleep time and sleep efficiency in people with insomnia. It has also exhibited the ability to reduce sleep latency and awakening after sleep onset.
It has also been found to improve the daytime performance of people with narcolepsy, a chronic neurological disorder in which people feel very sleepy throughout the day. Its effects have led to the assumption that DSIP might modulate sleep and wake cycles.
Delta sleep-inducing peptide is a neuropeptide that was first detected in the rabbit brain in 1963. In 1977, the peptide was isolated from cerebral venous blood for the first time. Subsequent research has shown that DSIP is normally synthesized in the hypothalamus.
Research has shown that DSIP is present in small amounts in the blood. Its levels vary throughout the day and are higher in the afternoons. This peptide has also been found in relatively high concentrations in human milk, with values ranging from 10 ng m/L to 30 ng m/L.
Preclinical studies have shown that it can cross the blood-brain barrier. DSIP has also shown the ability to be readily absorbed by the gut without being denatured by enzymes. Furthermore, it has been established that it causes mild side effects and no withdrawal symptoms.
In a clinical study, the administration of DSIP increased sleep duration and reduced sleep disturbance and latency in people with insomnia. Another study reported that this neuropeptide reduced sleep onset and increased sleep duration and efficiency in healthy adults.